Age Ayurveda Nighantu

Guggulutiktakam Ghritam

Guggulutiktakam Ghritam is a classical Ayurvedic ghrita, a medicated ghee. Indexed in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API) as drug used in treatment of Sandhigata Vata (osteoarthritis), Vatarakta (gout), and Asthigata Vata (osteoporosis); listed in Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI).

Key facts
Also known asGuggulutiktakam Ghritam, GuggulutiktakamGhritam
Pharmacopoeia statusIndexed in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API) as drug used in treatment of Sandhigata Vata (osteoarthritis), Vatarakta (gout), and Asthigata Vata (osteoporosis); listed in Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI)

Names and identification

LanguageName
EnglishGuggulutiktakam Ghritam

Where is it described in the classical texts?

Ashtanga Hridayam (written circa 750 CE by Vagbhata); also known as Pancatikta Guggulu Ghrita or Nimbadi Ghrita in various classical texts

How does it work?

  • Guggulsterones from Guggulu provide potent anti-inflammatory action by modulating NF-kB and COX-2 pathways in bone and joint tissues
  • Panchatikta (five bitter herbs) synergistically reduce Pitta-mediated inflammation in skin and connective tissue
  • Guduchi (berberine alkaloids) provides immunomodulatory action, restoring balanced immune function in autoimmune joint conditions
  • Lipid-based ghee medium enhances bioavailability of guggulsterones and other lipophilic active compounds
  • Anti-hyperlipidemic action addresses metabolic syndrome components often associated with chronic bone and skin diseases

Which traditional uses are supported by research?

  • Asthigata Vata (bone diseases/osteoporosis): clinical studies validate efficacy in osteoarthritis with reduced pain and improved mobility
  • Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano): traditional use supported; Guggulu-based Ksharasutra is an established Ayurvedic surgical procedure for fistula
  • Kushta (chronic skin diseases): anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial actions of ingredients validated pharmacologically
  • Vatarakta (gout): anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects of Guggulu confirmed in experimental studies

What do recent clinical trials show?

2 further claims previously listed here could not be traced to a published paper and have been removed. Classical formulations are researched largely in journals that PubMed does not index, so an absence here reflects the reach of the index rather than the state of the evidence.

Recent safety updates

  • Clinical studies show effective outcomes without noxious effects at recommended doses; considered safe for long-term use under supervision
  • Caution in patients with thyroid disorders as Guggulu may affect thyroid function; monitor thyroid levels during prolonged use
  • Ghee base requires monitoring in patients with hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular conditions

What is it made of?

Mineral/Elemental Profile

  • Primary component: Mineral-derived preparation
  • Note: Composition varies by specific preparation method

Analytical Methods: XRD, ICP-OES, SEM-EDS

Dosage forms and preparation

Dosage Forms: Ghrita (medicated ghee), Soft gelatin capsules (modern)

Standard Dosage: 6-12 g (1-2 teaspoons) twice daily on empty stomach, as per Ashtanga Hridayam/AFI

Bioavailability: Ghee matrix provides superior absorption of both lipophilic guggulsterones and hydrophilic bitter principles. Guggulu acts as yogavahi further enhancing bioavailability of co-ingredients. Tikta rasa (bitter taste) stimulates hepatobiliary function, improving systemic absorption. Excellent vehicle for bone and joint conditions.

Optimal Timing: On empty stomach, morning and evening. Best for Vatarakta (gouty arthritis), Kushtha (skin diseases), and Asthi-Sandhi Vikara (bone/joint disorders).

Shelf Life: 2 years from date of manufacture as per ASU guidelines for Ghrita

Storage: Store in airtight glass or tin containers in a cool, dry place. Temperature not exceeding 25°C. Protect from light and moisture.

Marker Compounds: Z-Guggulsterone, E-Guggulsterone, Azadirachtin, Nimbin (from Nimba), Berberine (from Guduchi), Gallic acid, Piperine

Quality Parameters: Acid value (<6), peroxide value (<10), saponification value, refractive index, moisture (<0.5%), guggulsterone content (Z+E) by HPLC, azadirachtin from Nimba, berberine from Guduchi, rancidity test negative, HPTLC fingerprint, microbial limits, heavy metals

Vehicle (Anupana): Warm water or warm milk

Synergistic Combinations

Composition

As given in the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, Part I, entry 6:27 (PANCATIKTAGUGGULU GHRTA (Synonym : Nimbadi ghrta)), which cites Astangahrdaya, Cikitsasthana, Adhyaya 21; 57-58 14.. Names, parts and quantities are transcribed as printed and checked row by row against the book. Manufacturers' versions of a classical formulation can differ from the formulary.

#IngredientPartQuantity
1Nimba tvak (nimba)stem bark480 g
2Amrta (guduci) *stem480 g
3Vrsa (vasa)root480 g
4PatolaLf./Pl.480 g
5Nidigdhika (kantkari) *whole plant480 g
6Water for decoction *12.288 l, reduced to 1.536 l
7Ghrta (goghrta)768 g
8Patha *root12 g
9Vidanga *fruit12 g
10Suradaru (deva daru) *heart wood12 g
11Gajopakulya (gajapippali) *fruit12 g
12Yava ksara (yava) *12 g
13Sarji ksara (svarjiksara)12 g
14Nagara (sunthi)rhizome12 g
15Nisa (haridra)rhizome12 g
16Misi (misreya)fruit12 g
17Cavyastem12 g
18Kustha *root12 g
19Tejovatifruit12 g
20Maricafruit12 g
21Vatsaka (kutaja)stem bark12 g
22Dipyaka (yavani) *fruit12 g
23Agni (citraka) *root12 g
24Rohini (katuka)Rz./Rt.12 g
25Aruskara-Suddha (bhallataka) *fruit12 g
26Vacarhizome12 g
27Kanamula (pippali)root12 g
28Yukta (rasna)Rt./Lf.12 g
29Manjistha *root12 g
30Ativisa *root tuber12 g
31Visani (ativisa bheda)root12 g
32Yavani *fruit12 g
33Guggulu-suddhaexudate240 g

* The scanned text was damaged at this row and the name was read from the entry's own Sanskrit verse.

Source scan of the formulary

Published research

Literature indexed in PubMed that concerns this subject, grouped by study type. A paper appearing here is a record of what has been published, not evidence that the subject works, and laboratory or animal results do not transfer to people. Study titles link to PubMed so you can read the source rather than take our word.

Laboratory and animal studies1

  1. Sheik SM, Bakthavatchalam P, Shenoy RP and others. 2022. Anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effect of the drug Guggulutiktaka ghrita on high-fat diet-induced obese ratsJournal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine. PMID 35759880 · doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100583

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Educational reference only. Nothing on this page is medical advice, a diagnosis, or a recommendation to take anything. Traditional uses and research findings are reported as published, not as claims about what any product does. If you take prescribed medication, raise any interaction with the prescriber rather than acting on a page. See our editorial standards.