pañcendriya: what the term means and how it is translated

Charaka SamhitaSutrasthana 8 (Indriyopakramaṇīya):Standard 3 (carakasamhitaonline). Kaviratna prints 1 (p.84). · checked against the source

Sanskrit: "इह खलु पञ्चेन्द्रियाणि, पञ्चेन्द्रियद्रव्याणि, पञ्चेन्द्रियाधिष्ठानानि, पञ्चेन्द्रियार्थाः, पञ्चेन्द्रियबुद्धयो भवन्ति" (IAST as printed: "Iha khalu pañcēndriyāṇi, pañcēndriyadravyāṇi, pañcēndriyādhiṣṭhānāni, pañcēndriyārthāḥ, pañcēndriyabuddhayō bhavanti"). Kaviratna (his 1): "It is certain that there are five senses, five materials that constitute those senses, five resting places of those senses, five objects of those senses, and five kinds of perceptions obtained through those senses. This has been said (by the learned of old) in discourses on the senses.*1"

The five pentads: indriya, indriya-dravya, indriya-adhiṣṭhāna, indriya-artha, indriya-buddhi. Indriya is distinguished from its seat (adhiṣṭhāna), so 'sense organ' is strictly the adhiṣṭhāna. Kaviratna's 1 = standard 3 by content (his chapter numbering begins after the two opening sentences).

Charaka SamhitaSutrasthana 8 (Indriyopakramaṇīya):Standard 8 (carakasamhitaonline ||८||; the remaining pentads are standard 9-12, pañcapañcakam closes at ||१२||). Kaviratna prints a single aphorism numbered 6 (not 8) covering standard 8-12, at printed p. 86 (archive.org BIUSante_47357 page image, leaf 117, '‡6' after 'five and twenty topics'); his 5 = standard 7, his 7 = standard 13. · checked against the source

Sanskrit: "तत्र चक्षुः श्रोत्रं घ्राणं रसनं स्पर्शनमिति पञ्चेन्द्रियाणि||८||" (IAST as printed: "Tatra cakṣuḥ śrōtraṁ ghrāṇaṁ rasanaṁ sparśanamiti pañcēndriyāṇi||8||"). Kaviratna (his 6): "The five senses are vision, hearing, scent, taste, and touch. The materials that enter into the composition of the five senses are space, wind, light, water, and earth. The resting places of the five senses are the two eyes, the two ears, the nose, the tongue, and the skin or whole body. The five objects of the five senses are sound, touch, form, taste, and scent. The five perceptions derived from the five senses are the perception of form through vision, &c. These perceptions spring from a union of the senses, the objects of the senses, mind, and the soul, and are of two kinds, viz., transitory and durable or leading to certitude. This about the five and twenty topics (of knowledge or enquiry).6"

The enumeration of the five indriyas as cakṣus, śrotra, ghrāṇa, rasana, sparśana (named by faculty, in that order) and their seats, elements, objects and cognitions. Kaviratna's single number 6 spans five standard units (8-12); no one-to-one mapping for 9-12.

Charaka SamhitaSutrasthana 8 (Indriyopakramaṇīya):Standard 4 (carakasamhitaonline). Kaviratna prints 2 (p.84). · checked against the source

Sanskrit: "अतीन्द्रियं पुनर्मनः सत्त्वसञ्ज्ञकं, 'चेतः' इत्याहुरेके, तदर्थात्मसम्पदायत्तचेष्टं चेष्टाप्रत्ययभूतमिन्द्रियाणाम्||४||". Kaviratna (his 2): "The mind is regarded as something different from the senses. It is sometimes called satwa, and some again call it chetas. Its functions are regulated by the contact of its objects with the soul. Some regard the mind as the cause of the functions of the senses.2"

Manas is atīndriya, beyond/other than the five indriyas, so pañcendriya in Charaka excludes manas (contrast Sushruta's eleven).

Sushruta SamhitaSharirasthana 1 (Sarvabhūtacintā-śārīra):Sanskrit Su.Sa. 1.4 (eleven indriyas; five buddhindriya, five karmendriya, manas ubhayatmaka), 1.5 (their visayas) and 1.7 (the adhidaivata list). Numbering confirmed against a printed edition: Susrutasamhita with Dalhana's Nibandhasangraha, ed. Jadavji Trikamji Acharya, Nirnaya Sagar Press, 2nd ed. 1931, pp. 283-284. Bhishagratna's 4-5 and 7 are his own section numbers. · checked against the source

Bhishagratna: "The eleven organs of cognition, communication or sense perception have emanated from the co-operation of the aforesaid Vaikarika Ahamkara with the Taijasa or Rajasa. They are the ears, skin, eyes, tongue, nose, speech, hands, genitals, anus, feet and the mind (Manah)." "Of these foregoing organs the first five are intellectual or sense organs (Vuddhi-Indriya); the next five being operative (Karma-Indriya). The mind (Manah) partakes of the character of both the intellectual and operative organs alike." "Hearing, touch, sight, taste and smell respectively form the subjects of the five intellectual (Vuddhi) organs of man, whereas the faculty of speech, handling, pleasure, ejections or evacutation, locomotion successively belong to the (remaining) five operative (Karma-Indriya) ones."

The easyayurveda numbering the record relied on is the standard Trikamji numbering; no renumbering is needed. The record's openQuestion 'Sanskrit verse number for the Sushruta Sharirasthana 1 enumeration of buddhindriya was not established' can be closed.