Tilaparni
Tilaparni is a substance used in the Ayurvedic materia medica. Rosmarinic acid, a key phenolic, has oral bioavailability of approximately 15-20% due to esterase-mediated hydrolysis in the gut and extensive Phase II metabolism.
Names and identification
| Language | Name |
|---|---|
| English | Tilaparni |
Ayurvedic pharmacology (Dravyaguna)
| Property | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rasa (Taste) | Katu | Primary taste |
| Guna (Quality) | Laghu, Tikshna | Physical quality |
| Virya (Potency) | Ushna | Heating/Cooling effect |
| Vipaka (Post-digestive) | Katu | Post-digestive effect |
What is it made of?
Mineral/Elemental Profile
- Primary component: Mineral-derived preparation
- Note: Composition varies by specific preparation method
Analytical Methods: XRD, ICP-OES, SEM-EDS
Dosage forms and preparation
Dosage Forms: Svarasa (fresh juice), Churna (powder), Kwatha (decoction), Capsule, Essential oil (topical)
Standard Dosage: 10-20 mL fresh juice twice daily; 2-4 g powder twice daily; 30-60 mL decoction twice daily
Bioavailability: Essential oil components (thymol, carvacrol-type compounds) show good oral bioavailability (>45%) with rapid GI absorption. Rosmarinic acid, a key phenolic, has oral bioavailability of approximately 15-20% due to esterase-mediated hydrolysis in the gut and extensive Phase II metabolism. Lipid-based formulations improve absorption of hydrophobic terpenoids.
Optimal Timing: Before meals for digestive complaints; after meals with honey for respiratory conditions
Standardized Extract: Essential oil standardized to total phenolic terpenoids >40% by GC-MS; hydroethanolic extract with >1.5% rosmarinic acid by HPLC
Shelf Life: Fresh juice: 24-48 hours refrigerated; Powder: 12 months; Essential oil: 24 months; Capsules: 24 months
Storage: Airtight, light-resistant containers at 15-25 deg C. Essential oil in amber glass. Fresh juice refrigerated at 2-8 deg C.
Marker Compounds: Eugenol, Methyl eugenol, Rosmarinic acid, Ursolic acid, Linalool, beta-Caryophyllene, Ocimene
Extraction Methods
- Steam distillation for essential oil
- Hydroethanolic extraction (50-70% ethanol)
- Cold pressing of fresh herb
- Aqueous decoction
- Supercritical CO2 extraction
Synergistic Combinations
- Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum) - overlapping Ocimum genus synergy
- Pudina (Mentha) - digestive and carminative complementarity
- Maricha (black pepper) - bioavailability enhancement
- Honey - traditional anupana for respiratory formulations
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