Distillation Apparatus ArkaHydrosol Distiller
Distillation Apparatus ArkaHydrosol Distiller (Sanskrit: Arka Yantra) is an instrument used in preparation and pharmaceutical equipment. A traditional distillation apparatus used for preparing Arka (hydrosol/distilled herbal water). Consists of an earthen or metal pot (Ghata) with a lid that has a collection pipe (Nala), a condenser arrangement, and a collection vessel.
| Sanskrit name | Arka Yantra |
|---|---|
| Ayurvedic category | Preparation and Pharmaceutical Equipment |
A traditional distillation apparatus used for preparing Arka (hydrosol/distilled herbal water). Consists of an earthen or metal pot (Ghata) with a lid that has a collection pipe (Nala), a condenser arrangement, and a collection vessel. Herbal material and water are placed in the lower pot and heated.
Where is it described in the classical texts?
Sharangdhara Samhita Madhyama Khanda Chapter 9 (Arka Prakarana); Rasa Tarangini; Bhavaprakasha. Arka Kalpana is one of the unique pharmaceutical preparations of Ayurveda.
How is it used traditionally?
Preparation of Arka (distilled herbal waters/hydrosols) such as Ajwain Arka (for digestion), Gulab Arka (rose water for eyes), Pudina Arka (for stomach), etc. Essential oils and aromatic waters are by-products.
Traditional materials
- Earthenware/Terracotta (Mrittika Patra) - prepared by skilled potters
- Copper vessel (Tamra Patra)
- Bamboo tube as condenser (Venu Nala)
- Mud-cloth-plaster (Mritlepana) for sealing joints
Modern variants
- Stainless steel distillation units
- Glass distillation apparatus (Clevenger-type)
- Industrial steam distillation plants
- Electric heating distillers
Regulatory status
- India Cdsco: Not classified as a medical device. Pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment regulated under AYUSH GMP.
- Us Fda: Subject to FDA cGMP requirements if used for manufacturing marketed products.
- Eu Mdr: Not classified as a medical device.
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