Jambu Beeja
Syzygium cumini
Jambu Beeja (Syzygium cumini) is a plant drug, also called Jambu, Jambuphalam and Jamuna. Active compounds including jamboline, ellagitannins, and gallic acid. Gallic acid has moderate bioavailability (~30%). Ellagitannins are converted to ellagic acid and subsequently to urolithins by gut microbiota.
| Botanical name | Syzygium cumini |
|---|---|
| Family | Myrtaceae · other entries in this family |
| Order | Myrtales |
| Also known as | Jambu Beeja, JambuBeeja |
| Taxon identifiers | GBIF 3183840 · Wikidata Q232571 · NCBI Taxonomy 260142 |
| Sanskrit | जम्बू (jambū), जम्बूफलम् (jambūphalam) |
|---|---|
| Hindi | जामुन (jāmuna) |
| Tamil | நாவல் |
Sources: Flowers of India, 'Jamun' (Syzygium cumini) page: Hindi जामुन; IISc Flora of Peninsular India (Hindi: Jamun, Jam).; Tamil Heritage Foundation species page for Syzygium cumini titled நாவல்; TNAU Agritech Portal jamun page (நாவல் பழம், நாகப்பழம்); IISc Flora of Peninsular India (Naval, Neredom).; wisdomlib entry for jambūphala (जम्बू + फल, 'fruit of the jambu tree', Syzygium cumini); API monograph name Jambu.; wisdomlib entry for jambūphala: 'the edible, dark blue plum of the tree Syzygium cumini'; Flowers of India gives Sanskrit जम्बुफल for the species.. How we source.
The evidence at a glance
12papers on this site for this drug, published 2013 to 2025, every one with a DOI.
- 1Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
- 11Other clinical studies and reviews
A count is not a conclusion and a tier is a study design, not a verdict. Each paper is listed with what it measured on the page below. See the research index for how papers are tiered.
Names and identification
| Language | Name |
|---|---|
| English | Jambu Beeja |
Ayurvedic pharmacology (Dravyaguna)
| Property | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rasa (Taste) | Kashaya | Primary taste |
| Guna (Quality) | Laghu, Ruksha | Physical quality |
| Virya (Potency) | Sheeta | Heating/Cooling effect |
| Vipaka (Post-digestive) | Katu | Post-digestive effect |
Dosage forms and preparation
Dosage Forms: Churna (seed kernel powder), Tablet, Capsule, Kwath (decoction)
Standard Dosage: 3-6g seed kernel powder twice daily with water before meals; 500mg-1g standardized extract
Optimal Timing: 30 minutes before meals with water
Storage: Cool, dry place below 25°C, protected from moisture. Airtight containers essential due to hygroscopic nature of tannins.
Marker Compounds: Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, Jamboline, Corilagin, 3,6-HHDP glucose, Chebulagic acid
Synergistic Combinations
Published research
Literature indexed in PubMed that concerns this subject, grouped by study type. A paper appearing here is a record of what has been published, not evidence that the subject works, and laboratory or animal results do not transfer to people. Study titles link to PubMed so you can read the source rather than take our word.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses1
- 2021. Ethnomedicinal Plants for the Management of Diabetes Worldwide: A Systematic ReviewCurrent medicinal chemistry. PMID 33475054 · doi:10.2174/0929867328666210121123037
Other clinical studies and reviews11
- 2025. Therapeutic Potentials of Jamun (Syzygium cumini) and Its Integration Into Modern Food Technologies: A ReviewInternational journal of food science. PMID 40831544 · doi:10.1155/ijfo/8197889
- 2025. Targeting diabetes with flavonoids from Indonesian medicinal plants: a review on mechanisms and drug discoveryNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. PMID 40202673 · doi:10.1007/s00210-025-04139-2
- 2024. Family Myrtaceae: The treasure hidden in the complex/diverse compositionCritical reviews in food science and nutrition. PMID 36748791 · doi:10.1080/10408398.2023.2173720
- 2023. Anticancer of genus Syzygium: a systematic reviewExploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy. PMID 37205310 · doi:10.37349/etat.2023.00134
- 2023. Exploring the Chemical and Biological Potential of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) Leaves: A Comprehensive ReviewChemistry & biodiversity. PMID 37667613 · doi:10.1002/cbdv.202300479
- 2022. Phytochemical Profile, Biological Properties, and Food Applications of the Medicinal Plant Syzygium cuminiFoods (Basel, Switzerland). PMID 35159528 · doi:10.3390/foods11030378
- 2022. Astounding Health Benefits of Jamun (Syzygium cumini) toward Metabolic SyndromeMolecules (Basel, Switzerland). PMID 36364010 · doi:10.3390/molecules27217184
- 2022. Indian Indigenous Fruits as Radioprotective Agents: Past, Present and FutureAnti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry. PMID 34229590 · doi:10.2174/1871520621666210706124315
- 2018. Bioactive compounds and pharmacological and food applications of Syzygium cumini - a reviewFood & function. PMID 30379170 · doi:10.1039/c8fo00654g
- 2013. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels., a novel therapeutic agent for diabetes: folk medicinal and pharmacological evidencesComplementary therapies in medicine. PMID 23642956 · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2013.03.004
- 2013. Pharmacological potentials of Syzygium cumini: a reviewJournal of the science of food and agriculture. PMID 23460190 · doi:10.1002/jsfa.6111
Reviewed by Dr. Awadesh Pratap Singh, BAMS, on 11 October 2026. What that review covered.
Consult a qualified vaidya before acting on anything here. Ayurvedic practice is prescribed to a person, not to a condition: the same dravya is given, withheld or substituted depending on your constitution, your agni, the season and what else you are already taking. A page cannot know any of that. Self-prescribing from a reference is how the wrong preparation, the wrong dose or the wrong anupana gets used.
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