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Chirabilva

Holoptelea integrifolia

Chirabilva (Holoptelea integrifolia) is a plant drug, also called Ciribilvah, Cilabila and Paparii.

Key facts
Botanical nameHoloptelea integrifolia
FamilyUlmaceae
OrderRosales
Taxon identifiersGBIF 4160169 · Wikidata Q13110312 · NCBI Taxonomy 63066
Names in other languages
Sanskritचिरिबिल्वः (ciribilvaḥ)
Hindiचिलबिल (cilabila), पपड़ी (papaṛī)
Tamilஆயா

Sources: DDSA: University of Madras Tamil Lexicon: 'Āyā (ஆயா) — Entire-leaved elm, medium tree, Holoptelea integrifolia'; Wisdom Library 'Local Names of Plants and Drugs': 'Aya [ஆயா] in the Tamil language … Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch.'; Flowers of India (Indian Elm): 'Tamil: ஆயா Aya'.; Flowers of India (Indian Elm) / bodhi-nighantu Holoptelea integrifolia entry: Hindi पपड़ी (Papri).; Flowers of India (Indian Elm) and the bodhi-nighantu compilation for Holoptelea integrifolia: Hindi चिलबिल (Chilbil), कान्जू (Kanju), पपड़ी (Papri).; Flowers of India (Indian Elm): 'Sanskrit: चिरिविल्वः Chirivilva'; bodhi-nighantu Holoptelea integrifolia entry: चिरिविल्वः, चिरबिल्व, पूतिक, उदकीर्य.. How we source.

The evidence at a glance

12papers on this site for this drug, published 2005 to 2024, 11 with a DOI.

  • 2Other clinical studies and reviews
  • 10Laboratory and animal studies

A count is not a conclusion and a tier is a study design, not a verdict. Everything listed here is laboratory or animal work, which does not show an effect in people. Each paper is listed with what it measured on the page below. See the research index for how papers are tiered.

Names and identification

LanguageName
EnglishChirabilva

Ayurvedic pharmacology (Dravyaguna)

PropertyValueDescription
Rasa (Taste)Kashaya, TiktaPrimary taste
Guna (Quality)Laghu, RukshaPhysical quality
Virya (Potency)UshnaHeating/Cooling effect
Vipaka (Post-digestive)KatuPost-digestive effect

Dosage forms and preparation

Dosage Forms: Churna (powder), Kashayam (decoction), Capsule, Tablet, Taila (oil)

Standard Dosage: 3-6g powder twice daily; 50-100ml decoction; 500mg extract capsule. Traditional dosing per Vaidya guidance.

Optimal Timing: Before meals with warm water for internal use; external paste applied twice daily on affected area; oil application at bedtime

Storage: Cool, dry place in airtight containers. Bark powder is relatively stable. Protect from moisture.

Marker Compounds: Friedelin, Lupeol, Beta-amyrin, Betulin, Beta-sitosterol, Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, Holoptelin-A and B

Synergistic Combinations

Published research

Literature indexed in PubMed that concerns this subject, grouped by study type. A paper appearing here is a record of what has been published, not evidence that the subject works, and laboratory or animal results do not transfer to people. Study titles link to PubMed so you can read the source rather than take our word.

Other clinical studies and reviews2

  1. Ganie SA, Yadav SS. 2014. Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch: a review of its ethnobotany, pharmacology, and phytochemistryBioMed research international. PMID 24949441 · doi:10.1155/2014/401213
  2. Sharma S, Panzani RC, Gaur SN and others. 2005. Evaluation of cross-reactivity between Holoptelea integrifolia and Parietaria judaicaInternational archives of allergy and immunology. PMID 15650307 · doi:10.1159/000083317

Laboratory and animal studies10

  1. Balasubramanian B, Raja K, Vignesh Kumar V and others. 2024. Characterization study of Holoptelea integrifolia tree bark fibres reinforced epoxy compositesNatural product research. PMID 36318867 · doi:10.1080/14786419.2022.2137505
  2. Mohammed HS, Taha EFS, Mahrous FS and others. 2023. Antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of compounds from Holoptelea integrifolia: in silico supported in vitro studyRSC advances. PMID 37928846 · doi:10.1039/d3ra05978b
  3. Somwong K, Lertpatipanpong P, Nimlamool W and others. 2022. Effect of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. n-Hexane Extract and Its Bioactive Compounds on Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammatory ActivityMolecules (Basel, Switzerland). PMID 36500633 · doi:10.3390/molecules27238540
  4. Yasin H, Mahmud S, Rizwani GH and others. 2019. Effects of aqueous leaves extract of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb) Planch on liver and kidney histopathology of albino ratsPakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences. PMID 31081768
  5. Lalan BK, Hiray RS, Ghongane BB. 2015. Evaluation of Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Extract of Holoptelea Integrifolia and Argyreia Speciosa in Animal ModelsJournal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR. PMID 26393140 · doi:10.7860/JCDR/2015/12059.6200
  6. Bhuvad SB, Nishteswar K, Acharya R and others. 2014. Comparative anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of leaf powder and decoction of Chirabilva [Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch]Ayu. PMID 26664243 · doi:10.4103/0974-8520.153788
  7. Kumar D, Ganguly K, Hegde HV and others. 2014. Activity of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. root and Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. bark pastes in acute and chronic paw inflammation in Wistar ratJournal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine. PMID 24812473 · doi:10.4103/0975-9476.128853
  8. Kumar D, Kumar K, Kumar S and others. 2012. Pharmacognostic evaluation of leaf and root bark of Holoptelea integrifolia RoxbAsian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine. PMID 23569892 · doi:10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60036-7
  9. Srinivas Reddy B, Kiran Kumar Reddy R, Naidu VG and others. 2008. Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and wound-healing potentials of Holoptelea integrifoliaJournal of ethnopharmacology. PMID 18037253 · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2007.09.031
  10. Saraswathy A, Devi SN, Ramasamy D. 2008. Antioxidant, Heavy Metals and Elemental Analysis of Holoptelea integrifolia PlanchIndian journal of pharmaceutical sciences. PMID 21394277 · doi:10.4103/0250-474X.45419

Reference lists that include it

Ellagic acid, Gallic acid, Lupeol

Reviewed by Dr. Awadesh Pratap Singh, BAMS, on 11 October 2026. What that review covered.

Consult a qualified vaidya before acting on anything here. Ayurvedic practice is prescribed to a person, not to a condition: the same dravya is given, withheld or substituted depending on your constitution, your agni, the season and what else you are already taking. A page cannot know any of that. Self-prescribing from a reference is how the wrong preparation, the wrong dose or the wrong anupana gets used.

Educational reference only. Nothing on this page is medical advice, a diagnosis, or a recommendation to take anything. Traditional uses and research findings are reported as published, not as claims about what any product does. If you take prescribed medication, raise any interaction with the prescriber rather than acting on a page. See our editorial standards.