Taruni
Rosa centifolia
Taruni (Rosa centifolia) is a plant drug, from the Rosaceae family. Anthocyanins and flavonoids from rose petals have low oral bioavailability (5-15%) due to instability at intestinal pH and extensive Phase II conjugation. Tannin-protein binding in GI tract further reduces polyphenol absorption.
| Botanical name | Rosa centifolia |
|---|---|
| Identity source | Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol. III: SATAPATRIKA (Flower) |
| Also called | Rosa damascena (attribution recorded without a cited source) |
| Family | Rosaceae · other entries in this family |
| Order | Rosales |
| Taxon identifiers | GBIF 3002410 · NCBI Taxonomy 396733 |
The evidence at a glance
12papers on this site for this drug, published 2015 to 2025, every one with a DOI.
- 3Other clinical studies and reviews
- 9Laboratory and animal studies
A count is not a conclusion and a tier is a study design, not a verdict. Everything listed here is laboratory or animal work, which does not show an effect in people. Each paper is listed with what it measured on the page below. See the research index for how papers are tiered.
Names and identification
| Language | Name |
|---|---|
| Sanskrit | Taruni |
| English | Rose (Cabbage rose) |
Ayurvedic pharmacology (Dravyaguna)
| Property | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rasa (Taste) | Tikta, Kashaya, Madhura | Primary taste |
| Guna (Quality) | Laghu, Snigdha | Physical quality |
| Virya (Potency) | Sheeta | Heating/Cooling effect |
| Vipaka (Post-digestive) | Madhura | Post-digestive effect |
Dosage forms and preparation
Dosage Forms: Gulkand (rose petal preserve), Ark (distillate/rose water), Churna (powder), Capsule, Syrup, Essential oil, Tincture
Standard Dosage: 1-2 teaspoons (5-10 g) gulkand twice daily; 15-30 mL rose water internally; 1-3 g powder twice daily
Optimal Timing: Gulkand after meals for digestive cooling; rose water can be taken any time; powder formulations after meals
Storage: Gulkand stored in glass jars at room temperature, protected from direct sunlight. Essential oil in sealed amber glass under nitrogen at 2-8 deg C. Rose water in dark glass bottles at 15-25 deg C. Petal powder in airtight, light-proof containers.
Marker Compounds: Citronellol, Geraniol, Nerol, Phenylethyl alcohol, Eugenol, Cyanidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Gallic acid
Synergistic Combinations
- Amalaki - cooling and Pitta-pacifying synergy
- Mishri (rock sugar) - traditional adjuvant in Gulkand
- Shatavari - female reproductive tonic synergy
- Chandan (sandalwood) - traditionally paired for cooling action
Published research
Literature indexed in PubMed that concerns this subject, grouped by study type. A paper appearing here is a record of what has been published, not evidence that the subject works, and laboratory or animal results do not transfer to people. Study titles link to PubMed so you can read the source rather than take our word.
Other clinical studies and reviews3
- 2025. The Medicinal Potential of Rosa centifolia L.: Integrating Botany, Geographical Distribution, Pharmacology, Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry, and ToxicologyChemistry & biodiversity. PMID 39603992 · doi:10.1002/cbdv.202402491
- 2021. Rose Flowers-A Delicate Perfume or a Natural Healer?Biomolecules. PMID 33478154 · doi:10.3390/biom11010127
- 2017. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of aqueous extract of Rosa centifolia in experimental rat modelsInternational journal of rheumatic diseases. PMID 26222375 · doi:10.1111/1756-185X.12625
Laboratory and animal studies9
- 2025. Rosa Centifolia L. effect on hemostasis: a multifaceted study combining in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico investigations of molecular mechanismsBlood coagulation & fibrinolysis : an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis. PMID 40658371 · doi:10.1097/MBC.0000000000001379
- 2025. Melanin Regulation and Autophagy Modulation by Rosa centifolia L. Extract and Its Key Compounds (Astragalin and Ellagic Acid)Chemistry & biodiversity. PMID 40601596 · doi:10.1002/cbdv.202403168
- 2025. Evaluation of Safety and Antigenotoxic Activity of Rosa centifolia Extract, Kaempferol, and Kaempferol-3-glucoside against Ultraviolet B Radiation in Human FibroblastsACS omega. PMID 41502713 · doi:10.1021/acsomega.5c08600
- 2024. Genotoxic and Anti-Genotoxic Potential of Hydrosols from Water-Steam Distillation of Oil-Bearing Roses Rosa centifolia L. and Rosa gallica L. from BulgariaPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland). PMID 38794227 · doi:10.3390/ph17050657
- 2021. Effect of ethanolic extract of Rosa centifolia against doxorubicin induced nephrotoxicity in albino ratsJournal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine. PMID 34801355 · doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2021.07.020
- 2020. In vitro anti-HIV activity of some Indian medicinal plant extractsBMC complementary medicine and therapies. PMID 32143607 · doi:10.1186/s12906-020-2816-x
- 2016. Effect of Antioxidants, Amino Acids and Plant Growth Regulators on in vitro Propagation of Rosa centifoliaIranian journal of biotechnology. PMID 28959318 · doi:10.15171/ijb.1152
- 2015. In vivo antiarthritic activity of Rosa centifolia L. flower extractAyu. PMID 27313424 · doi:10.4103/0974-8520.182753
- 2015. Hydrosols of orange blossom (Citrus aurantium), and rose flower (Rosa damascena and Rosa centifolia) support the growth of a heterogeneous spoilage microbiotaFood research international (Ottawa, Ont.). PMID 28455040 · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2015.07.014
Reviewed by Dr. Awadesh Pratap Singh, BAMS, on 11 October 2026. What that review covered.
Consult a qualified vaidya before acting on anything here. Ayurvedic practice is prescribed to a person, not to a condition: the same dravya is given, withheld or substituted depending on your constitution, your agni, the season and what else you are already taking. A page cannot know any of that. Self-prescribing from a reference is how the wrong preparation, the wrong dose or the wrong anupana gets used.
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