# Rasona Patra

> Rasona Patra (Allium sativum L. (leaves/greens)) is a plant used in Ayurveda, from the Amaryllidaceae (Alliaceae) family. WHO monograph for Bulbus Allii Sativi covers the bulb specifically; garlic leaves not separately monographed; traditional use of all aerial parts documented in Ayurvedic and Iranian traditional medicine.

## Key facts

- **Botanical name:** Allium sativum L. (leaves/greens)
- **Family:** Amaryllidaceae (Alliaceae)
- **Pharmacopoeia status:** WHO monograph for Bulbus Allii Sativi covers the bulb specifically; garlic leaves not separately monographed; traditional use of all aerial parts documented in Ayurvedic and Iranian traditional medicine

## Names and identification

| Language | Name |
|----------|------|
| English | [Rasona Patra](/herb/rasona-patra/) |
| Latin/Botanical | *Allium sativum L. (leaves/greens)* |

## Key Phytochemical Constituents

- [Allicin](/glossary/compounds-1-a/#allicin) (lower concentration than bulb)
- S-allylcysteine
- Diallyl sulfide
- [Chlorophyll](/glossary/compounds-c-d/#chlorophyll)
- Beta-carotene
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin K
- [Quercetin](/reference/quercetinquercetin/)
- [Kaempferol](/reference/kaempferol/)
- [Selenium](/glossary/compounds-q-t/#selenium)

## How does it work?

- Organosulfur compounds in garlic leaves undergo enzymatic conversion (via alliinase) to bioactive thiosulfinates upon tissue damage, providing [antimicrobial](/reference/antimicrobial/) activity through sulfhydryl group oxidation in microbial [enzymes](/glossary/compounds-d-g/#enzymes)
- [Flavonoids](/reference/flavonoids/) ([quercetin](/reference/quercetinquercetin/), kaempferol) in garlic leaves provide [antioxidant](/reference/antioxidant/) protection through chelation of pro-oxidant transition metals and scavenging of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals
- Chlorophyll and beta-carotene in fresh garlic leaves contribute additional antioxidant and photoprotective effects not present in garlic bulb preparations

## Which traditional uses are supported by research?

- Antimicrobial properties validated through demonstrated activity of organosulfur compounds against bacteria, fungi, and parasites, supporting traditional use of garlic leaf preparations for infections
- Antioxidant activity confirmed through phenolic and flavonoid content analysis, supporting traditional use of fresh garlic greens as a health-promoting food in Ayurvedic dietary recommendations

## What do recent clinical trials show?

- Jain M, Patil N, Mohammed A and others 2025. [Valorization of garlic (Allium sativum L.) byproducts: Bioactive compounds, biological properties, and applications](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40135462/). *Journal of food science*. PMID [40135462](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40135462/) · [doi:10.1111/1750-3841.70152](https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70152)  
  Garlic leaves and stems contain significant bioactive sulfur compounds, flavonoids, and phenolic acids with demonstrated antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, establishing their value as functional food ingredients.
- El-Saber Batiha G, Magdy Beshbishy A, G Wasef L and others 2020. [Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32213941/). *Nutrients*. PMID [32213941](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32213941/) · [doi:10.3390/nu12030872](https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030872)  
  All parts of garlic including leaves contain organosulfur compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, though bulb preparations have been more extensively studied.
- Tesfaye A 2021. [Revealing the Therapeutic Uses of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Its Potential for Drug Discovery](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35002548/). *TheScientificWorldJournal*. PMID [35002548](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35002548/) · [doi:10.1155/2021/8817288](https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8817288)  
  Garlic foliage, flowers, and cloves all contain active sulfur compounds utilized in traditional medicine systems globally for diverse therapeutic applications.

## Recent safety updates

- Garlic leaves (green garlic/garlic scapes) are consumed as food worldwide with excellent safety profile; milder flavor and lower organosulfur content compared to bulb
- Similar precautions as garlic bulb apply but at lower intensity due to reduced allicin content: potential for mild GI irritation, garlic odor, and theoretical anticoagulant effects
- Contact dermatitis possible in sensitized individuals; cross-reactivity with other Allium species (onion, leek) documented

## Dosage forms and preparation

**Dosage Forms:** Swarasa (fresh leaf juice), Churna (dried leaf powder), Capsule, Tablet, Lepa (paste), Topical preparation

**Standard Dosage:** 5-15 mL fresh leaf juice daily; 2-4 g dried leaf powder daily; 500 mg leaf extract twice daily; topical paste as needed

**Bioavailability:** Garlic leaf (green garlic/garlic scapes) contains allicin precursors at lower concentrations than bulb but has higher flavonoid and chlorophyll content. Allyl sulfides from leaf have similar bioavailability profile to bulb (~40-60%). Kaempferol and [quercetin](/reference/quercetinquercetin/) [glycosides](/glossary/compounds-g-l/#glycosides) show moderate bioavailability (15-30%). Fresh leaf juice provides rapid absorption of water-soluble organosulfur compounds. [Folate](/glossary/compounds-d-g/#folate) content is well absorbed (~60-70%).

**Optimal Timing:** Fresh juice: morning on empty stomach or with meals. Dried leaf powder: with meals. As culinary herb: add to dishes at end of cooking to preserve bioactives.

**Standardized Extract:** Rasona leaf extract (10:1 from fresh) standardized to total organosulfur compounds >0.5%, total flavonoids >3% (as kaempferol equivalents), chlorophyll >1%.

**Shelf Life:** Fresh leaves: 3-5 days refrigerated; Dried leaf powder: 12-18 months; Freeze-dried powder: 18-24 months; Extract: 18-24 months; Capsules: 24 months

**Storage:** Fresh leaves: 2-8 deg C in perforated bags. Dried powder: airtight, below 25 deg C, RH <40%, nitrogen-flushed, protected from light (chlorophyll oxidation). Extract: amber containers, below 25 deg C.

**Marker Compounds:** [Alliin](/glossary/compounds-1-a/#alliin) (lower than bulb), Diallyl sulfides, Kaempferol, Quercetin, Chlorophyll a and b, Folate, Beta-carotene, Ascorbic acid

### Extraction Methods

- Fresh juice expression (mechanical pressing)
- Hydroalcoholic extraction (50-60% ethanol)
- Shade-drying and powdering
- Aqueous extraction for polar organosulfur compounds
- Freeze-drying for maximum bioactive retention

### Synergistic Combinations

- Rasona bulb (complementary full-spectrum garlic formulation)
- [Palandu](/herb/palandu/)-Patra/Onion greens (allium leaf combination)
- [Haridra](/herb/haridra/) (anti-inflammatory combination)
- [Pudina](/herb/pudina/) (digestive and flavor combination)
- [Nimbu](/herb/nimbu/) (antioxidant and vitamin C synergy)

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Canonical version of this page: https://nighantu.ageayurveda.com/herb/rasona-patra/

## Sources

- Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database (700+ herbs, CC-BY-4.0)
- Web research (clinical trials, WHO monographs, safety databases)
- Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India

Published by Age Ayurveda in the Nighantu. Educational reference only, not medical advice.
Incorporates material from the Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database under CC BY 4.0.