# Patha

> Patha (Cissampelos pareira) is a plant used in Ayurveda. Alkaloids are lipophilic (log P 2-4) and cross biological membranes readily. First-pass metabolism is moderate; sustained-release formulations may improve therapeutic coverage. Hayatine shows Tmax of 2-3 hours.

## Key facts

- **Botanical name:** Cissampelos pareira

## Names and identification

| Language | Name |
|----------|------|
| English | Patha |

## Ayurvedic pharmacology (Dravyaguna)

| Property | Value | Description |
|----------|-------|-------------|
| **Rasa** (Taste) | Tikta | Primary taste |
| **Guna** (Quality) | Laghu, Tikshna | Physical quality |
| **Virya** (Potency) | Ushna | Heating/Cooling effect |
| **Vipaka** (Post-digestive) | Katu | Post-digestive effect |

## Dosage forms and preparation

**Dosage Forms:** Churna (root powder), Kwatha (decoction), Capsule, Tablet, Vati, Asava

**Standard Dosage:** 1-3 g root powder daily; 15-20 mL decoction twice daily; 500 mg standardized extract twice daily

**Bioavailability:** Cissampeline (hayatinine) and other bisbenzylisoquinoline [alkaloids](/glossary/compounds-1-a/#alkaloids) from Cissampelos pareira have moderate oral bioavailability (30-45%) with good GI absorption. Alkaloids are lipophilic (log P 2-4) and cross biological membranes readily. First-pass metabolism is moderate; sustained-release formulations may improve therapeutic coverage. Hayatine shows Tmax of 2-3 hours.

**Optimal Timing:** After meals to reduce GI irritation. For fever: between meals with warm water. Not recommended for extended continuous use beyond 4-6 weeks.

**Standardized Extract:** Patha root extract (6:1) standardized to total bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids 2-4% (as cissampeline). HPTLC fingerprint with authenticated reference standard.

**Shelf Life:** Root powder: 18-24 months; Standardized extract: 24-36 months; Tablets/Capsules: 24-36 months

**Storage:** Root material and powder: airtight containers, below 25 deg C, RH <55%, protected from light and moisture. Extracts: amber containers, cool storage. Products with alkaloids: secure storage as required by local regulations.

**Marker Compounds:** Cissampeline (Hayatinine), Hayatine, Pareirubrine, Cissamine, Curine, Isochondrodendrine, Beta-[sitosterol](/glossary/compounds-q-t/#sitosterol)

### Extraction Methods

- Aqueous decoction (traditional)
- Hydroalcoholic extraction (50-70% ethanol)
- Acid-base extraction for alkaloid purification
- Methanol extraction for comprehensive alkaloid profiling
- Cold maceration in water

### Synergistic Combinations

- [Guduchi](/herb/guduchi/) (anti-pyretic and immune synergy)
- Kutaja (anti-diarrheal combination)
- Musta (digestive and anti-diarrheal)
- [Chirayata](/herb/chirayata/) (fever management)
- [Nimba](/herb/nimba/) (blood purification and skin health)

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Canonical version of this page: https://nighantu.ageayurveda.com/herb/patha/

## Sources

- Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database (700+ herbs, CC-BY-4.0)
- Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India

Published by Age Ayurveda in the Nighantu. Educational reference only, not medical advice.
Incorporates material from the Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database under CC BY 4.0.