# Mudgaparni

> Mudgaparni (Phaseolus trilobus Ait. (syn. Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc.)) is a plant used in Ayurveda, from the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family. Not individually listed in WHO monographs; recognized as an ingredient in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India; commonly consumed as food legume.

## Key facts

- **Botanical name:** Phaseolus trilobus Ait. (syn. Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc.)
- **Family:** Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
- **Pharmacopoeia status:** Not individually listed in WHO monographs; recognized as an ingredient in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India; commonly consumed as food legume

## Names and identification

| Language | Name |
|----------|------|
| English | Mudgaparni |
| Latin/Botanical | *Phaseolus trilobus Ait. (syn. Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc.)* |

## Key Phytochemical Constituents

- [Flavonoids](/reference/flavonoids/) and [isoflavonoids](/glossary/compounds-g-l/#isoflavonoids)
- [Tannins](/reference/tannins/)
- [Stigmasterol](/reference/stigmasterol/)
- Vitamin K
- Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
- [Proteins](/glossary/compounds-o-q/#proteins) (high content)
- Alpha-pinene
- [Carvone](/glossary/compounds-a-c/#carvone)
- [Pulegone](/glossary/compounds-o-q/#pulegone)
- [Saponins](/reference/saponins/)

## How does it work?

- [Hepatoprotective](/reference/hepatoprotective/) mechanism through reduction of oxidative stress in cholestatic liver injury by enhancing endogenous [antioxidant](/reference/antioxidant/) enzyme systems
- [Antidiabetic](/reference/antidiabetic/) action involving improvement of insulin sensitivity and [glucose](/glossary/compounds-d-g/#glucose) utilization, with flavonoid fraction contributing to alpha-glucosidase inhibition
- [Antimicrobial](/reference/antimicrobial/) mechanism through disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity by phenolic and tannin constituents

## Which traditional uses are supported by research?

- Hepatoprotective property validated through preclinical studies showing protection against chemically induced liver damage, confirming traditional use in [Kamala](/herb/kamala/) (jaundice)
- Antidiabetic activity experimentally confirmed with significant blood glucose reduction, supporting traditional use as a nutritive and metabolic regulator
- Anthelmintic traditional use supported by documented antimicrobial activities against various pathogens

## What do recent clinical trials show?



*3 further claims previously listed here could not be traced to a published paper and have been removed. An absence here means we could not identify the source, not that no work exists.*

## Recent safety updates

- Widely consumed as a pulse (Ranmoong) in tropical regions, indicating high dietary safety; used in [Chyawanprash](/formulation/chyawanprash/) formulation historically
- No adverse effects reported in animal studies at doses up to 400 mg/kg; comprehensive human clinical safety data still needed

## Dosage forms and preparation

**Dosage Forms:** Churna (powder), Kwatha (decoction), Capsules, Tablets, [Ghrita](/herb/ghrita/) (medicated ghee), Taila (medicated oil)

**Standard Dosage:** 3-6 g whole plant powder per day; 50-100 mL decoction twice daily; 500 mg standardized extract capsules twice daily

**Bioavailability:** Isoflavonoids show moderate oral bioavailability (20-30%). [Phytosterols](/glossary/compounds-o-q/#phytosterols) are sparingly absorbed (3-5%) but therapeutically active at gut level for cholesterol management. [Polysaccharides](/glossary/compounds-o-q/#polysaccharides) act as prebiotics without systemic absorption. [Ghrita](/herb/ghrita/) preparations enhance bioavailability of lipophilic components.

**Optimal Timing:** With meals for nutritive and tonic effects; morning with warm milk for [Rasayana](/reference/rasayana/) benefits; Ghrita with meals for reproductive health

**Standardized Extract:** Whole plant extract (8:1 hydroalcoholic) standardized to minimum 1% total isoflavonoids. Combined [Mashaparni](/herb/mashaparni/)-Mudgaparni extract for Jivaniya formulations. Ghrita preparation per classical protocol.

**Shelf Life:** Dried powder: 24 months. Capsules/tablets: 24 months. Ghrita: 24 months. Taila: 36 months.

**Storage:** Below 25 deg C in airtight containers. Protect from moisture and light. Ghrita in glass containers at room temperature. Taila in amber glass bottles.

**Marker Compounds:** [Genistein](/glossary/compounds-d-g/#genistein), [Daidzein](/glossary/compounds-c-d/#daidzein), Beta-[sitosterol](/glossary/compounds-q-t/#sitosterol), Stigmasterol, [Vitexin](/glossary/compounds-t-z/#vitexin), [Isovitexin](/glossary/compounds-g-l/#isovitexin), [Galactomannan](/glossary/compounds-d-g/#galactomannan)

### Extraction Methods

- Aqueous decoction
- Hydroalcoholic extraction (60% ethanol)
- Ghrita Paka method
- Oil extraction for Taila
- Methanol extraction for flavonoid analysis

### Synergistic Combinations

- [Mashaparni](/herb/mashaparni/) (classical Jivaniya Gana pair)
- [Bala](/herb/bala/) (strength-building tonic)
- [Shatavari](/herb/shatavari/) (nutritive and reproductive health)
- [Ashwagandha](/herb/ashwagandha/) ([adaptogenic](/reference/adaptogenic/) synergy)
- [Vidari](/herb/vidari/) (nutritive Rasayana combination)

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Canonical version of this page: https://nighantu.ageayurveda.com/herb/mudgaparni/

## Sources

- Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database (700+ herbs, CC-BY-4.0)
- Web research (clinical trials, WHO monographs, safety databases)
- Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India

Published by Age Ayurveda in the Nighantu. Educational reference only, not medical advice.
Incorporates material from the Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database under CC BY 4.0.