# Koshamra

> Koshamra (Schleichera oleosa) is a plant used in Ayurveda. Flavonoid aglycones have moderate bioavailability (~20-30%). Co-administration with lipid carriers or piperine enhances polyphenol absorption. Decoction form pre-hydrolyzes glycosides improving bioavailability of aglycone forms.

## Key facts

- **Botanical name:** Schleichera oleosa

## Names and identification

| Language | Name |
|----------|------|
| English | Koshamra |

## Ayurvedic pharmacology (Dravyaguna)

| Property | Value | Description |
|----------|-------|-------------|
| **Rasa** (Taste) | Amla | Primary taste |
| **Guna** (Quality) | Guru, Snigdha | Physical quality |
| **Virya** (Potency) | Ushna | Heating/Cooling effect |
| **Vipaka** (Post-digestive) | Amla | Post-digestive effect |

## Dosage forms and preparation

**Dosage Forms:** Churna (bark powder), Kashayam (decoction), Capsule, Swarasa (fruit juice), Lepa (paste for external use)

**Standard Dosage:** 3-5 g bark powder twice daily; 50-100 mL decoction; 10-20 mL fruit juice; external paste as needed

**Bioavailability:** [Tannins](/reference/tannins/) and [polyphenols](/glossary/compounds-o-q/#polyphenols) show limited systemic absorption but exert significant local GI effects (astringent, anti-diarrheal). Flavonoid aglycones have moderate bioavailability (~20-30%). Co-administration with lipid carriers or [piperine](/reference/piperine/) enhances polyphenol absorption. Decoction form pre-hydrolyzes [glycosides](/glossary/compounds-g-l/#glycosides) improving bioavailability of aglycone forms.

**Optimal Timing:** After meals for digestive astringent action; decoction between meals for anti-diarrheal use; fruit juice anytime as nutritive

**Standardized Extract:** Bark extract standardized to minimum 10% total tannins (as tannic acid) and 3% total [flavonoids](/reference/flavonoids/); seed oil standardized to fatty acid composition by GC

**Shelf Life:** 24 months for bark powder; 18 months for capsules; 12 months for fruit juice (preserved); 24 months for seed oil

**Storage:** Bark powder in airtight containers at 15-30°C. Seed oil in dark glass bottles, protected from light and heat. Fruit juice requires refrigeration.

**Marker Compounds:** Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, [Catechin](/reference/catechin/), [Leucocyanidin](/glossary/compounds-g-l/#leucocyanidin), Arachidic acid (seed oil), Oleic acid (seed oil), Beta-[sitosterol](/glossary/compounds-q-t/#sitosterol)

### Extraction Methods

- Water decoction (traditional)
- Hydroalcoholic extraction (50-60% ethanol)
- Cold pressing of ripe fruits for juice
- Sequential solvent extraction for phytochemical fractionation

### Synergistic Combinations

- [Amra](/herb/amra/) (Mango) for fruit-based nutritive preparations
- Amalaki for [antioxidant](/reference/antioxidant/) synergy
- Kutaja for anti-diarrheal combination
- [Lodhra](/herb/lodhra/) for astringent formulations

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Canonical version of this page: https://nighantu.ageayurveda.com/herb/koshamra/

## Sources

- Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database (700+ herbs, CC-BY-4.0)
- Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India

Published by Age Ayurveda in the Nighantu. Educational reference only, not medical advice.
Incorporates material from the Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database under CC BY 4.0.