# Pharmacology terms

> Pharmacology terms is a reference glossary of 10 entries drawn from the Ayurvedic materia medica, each listing the herbs it occurs in and the compounds it commonly appears alongside.

### Antiemetic Agents {#antiemetic}

*20 herbs and compounds with antiemetic activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (6)

- [Bijapura](/herb/bijapura/) — *Citrus medica L.*
- [Elakanadi Kashayam](/formulation/elakanadi-kashayam/)
- [Guloochyadi Kashayam](/formulation/guloochyadi-kashayam/)
- [Jayapala](/herb/jayapala/) — *Croton tiglium L.*
- [Shati](/herb/shati/) — *Hedychium spicatum Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.*
- [Soubhagya Shunthi](/herb/soubhagya-shunthi/)

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)
- [Women's Health](/reference/womens-health/)

### Antihypertensive Agents {#antihypertensive}

*18 herbs and compounds with antihypertensive activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (6)

- [Brahmi Vati](/formulation/brahmi-vati/)
- [Hingupatri](/herb/hingupatri/) — *Ferula spp. (leaf portion of Ferula assa-foetida L. or related Ferula species)*
- [Kaishore Guggul](/formulation/kaishore-guggul/)
- [Mochras](/herb/mochras/) — *Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott & Endl. (syn. Bombax ceiba L.) - resin exudate*
- [Sarpagandha](/herb/sarpagandha/) — *Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz*

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Hair Health](/glossary/body-systems/#hair-health)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)

### Antispasmodic Agents {#antispasmodic}

*65 herbs and compounds with antispasmodic activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (21)

- [Agnitundi Vati](/formulation/agnitundi-vati/)
- [Ajwain](/herb/ajwain/) — *Trachyspermum ammi*
- [Cumin](/herb/cumin/)
- [Ela](/herb/ela/) — *Elettaria cardamomum*
- [Hingu](/herb/hingu/) — *Ferula asafoetida*
- [Hingupatri](/herb/hingupatri/) — *Ferula spp. (leaf portion of Ferula assa-foetida L. or related Ferula species)*
- [Hingwashtak Churna](/formulation/hingwashtak-churna/)
- [Jatamansi](/herb/jatamansi/)
- [Kachura](/herb/kachura/) — *Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe*
- [Kalonji](/herb/kalonji/) — *Nigella sativa*
- [Laung](/herb/laung/) — *Syzygium aromaticum*
- [Meda](/herb/meda/) — *Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. / Polygonatum cirrhifolium (Wall.) Royle*
- [Mishreya](/herb/mishreya/) — *Foeniculum vulgare Mill.*
- [Mustakarishta](/formulation/mustakarishta/)
- [Narayana Thailam](/formulation/narayana-thailam/)
- [Sthneyaka](/herb/sthneyaka/) — *Taxus baccata L. (possibly Taxus wallichiana Zucc. in Indian context)*
- [Sukumara Kashayam](/formulation/sukumara-kashayam/)
- [Talisa](/herb/talisa/) — *Abies webbiana Lindl. (syn. Abies spectabilis (D. Don) Mirb.)*
- [Vacha](/herb/vacha/)
- [Yavani](/herb/yavani/) — *Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague*

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Hair Health](/glossary/body-systems/#hair-health)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)
- [Women's Health](/reference/womens-health/)

### Antitumor Agents {#antitumor}

*80 herbs and compounds with antitumor activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (12)

- [Agnikarna](/herb/agnikarna/) — *Gloriosa superba L. ([Agnikumarika](/herb/agnikumarika/)/Agnimukhi); also associated with Litsea species in some texts*
- [Akshotaka](/herb/akshotaka/) — *Juglans regia L.*
- [Ankola](/herb/ankola/) — *Alangium salviifolium (L.f.) Wangerin*
- [Chhatraka](/herb/chhatraka/) — *Agaricus campestris L.*
- [Kankshi](/herb/kankshi/) — *Abrus precatorius L. (seed coat/outer coating)*
- [Karela](/herb/karela/)
- [Kasani](/herb/kasani/) — *Cichorium intybus L.*
- [Laung](/herb/laung/) — *Syzygium aromaticum*
- [Narikela](/herb/narikela/) — *Cocos nucifera L.*
- [Nirgundi](/herb/nirgundi/) — *Vitex negundo L.*
- [Prasarini](/herb/prasarini/) — *Paederia foetida L.*
- [Twak Cinnamon](/herb/twak-cinnamon/) — *Cinnamomum verum*

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Hair Health](/glossary/body-systems/#hair-health)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)
- [Women's Health](/reference/womens-health/)

### Aphrodisiac Agents {#aphrodisiac}

*30 herbs and compounds with aphrodisiac activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (20)

- [Akarakarabha](/herb/akarakarabha/) — *Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Lag.*
- [Jivaka](/herb/jivaka/) — *Malaxis muscifera (Lindl.) Kuntze / Malaxis acuminata D. Don*
- [Kapikachhu](/herb/kapikachhu/)
- [Kharjura](/herb/kharjura/) — *Phoenix dactylifera L.*
- [Lata Kasturi](/herb/lata-kasturi/)
- [Makaradhwaj Vati](/herb/makaradhwaj-vati/)
- [Mochras](/herb/mochras/) — *Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott & Endl. (syn. Bombax ceiba L.) - resin exudate*
- [Nagabala](/herb/nagabala/) — *Grewia hirsuta Vahl / Sida veronicifolia Lam. (syn. Sida veronicaefolia)*
- [Neelam Pishti](/herb/neelam-pishti/)
- [Phala Ghrita](/formulation/phala-ghrita/)
- [Riddhi](/herb/riddhi/) — *Habenaria intermedia D. Don*
- [Rishabhaka](/herb/rishabhaka/) — *Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard*
- [Saffron](/herb/saffron/) — *Crocus sativus*
- [Saindhava Lavana](/herb/saindhava-lavana/)
- [Swarna Vasant Malti Ras](/herb/swarna-vasant-malti-ras/)
- [Talamuli](/herb/talamuli/)
- [Vaikranta Bhasma](/herb/vaikranta-bhasma/)
- [Vanga Bhasma](/herb/vanga-bhasma/)
- [Vidarikand](/herb/vidarikand/) — *Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC.*
- [Vriddhi](/herb/vriddhi/)

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Hair Health](/glossary/body-systems/#hair-health)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)
- [Women's Health](/reference/womens-health/)

### Galactagogue Agents {#galactagogue}

*21 herbs and compounds with galactagogue activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (15)

- [Chandrashura](/herb/chandrashura/) — *Lepidium sativum L.*
- [Dugdhika](/herb/dugdhika/)
- [Gajapippali](/herb/gajapippali/) — *Scindapsus officinalis (Roxb.) Schott*
- [Gambhari Phala](/herb/gambhari-phala/) — *Gmelina arborea Roxb.*
- [Jivanti](/herb/jivanti/) — *Leptadenia reticulata (Retz.) Wight & Arn.*
- [Kakoli](/herb/kakoli/) — *Roscoea purpurea Sm. (also identified with Fritillaria roylei)*
- [Karpasa](/herb/karpasa/)
- [Karpasa Moola](/herb/karpasa-moola/)
- [Ksheera](/herb/ksheera/) — *Not applicable (animal product - Bos taurus milk primarily)*
- [Madhuka](/herb/madhuka/) — *Madhuca longifolia (J.Koenig ex L.) J.F.Macbr.*
- [Madhuka Pushpa](/herb/madhuka-pushpa/)
- [Meda](/herb/meda/) — *Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. / Polygonatum cirrhifolium (Wall.) Royle*
- [Mishreya](/herb/mishreya/) — *Foeniculum vulgare Mill.*
- [Shatavari Ksheera](/herb/shatavari-ksheera/) — *Asparagus racemosus Willd.*
- [Vidarikand](/herb/vidarikand/) — *Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC.*

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)
- [Women's Health](/reference/womens-health/)

### Hemostatic Agents {#hemostatic}

*47 herbs and compounds with hemostatic activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (30)

- [Aja Dugdha Goat Milk](/herb/aja-dugdha-goat-milk/)
- [Akika Pishti](/herb/akika-pishti/)
- [Ashoka](/herb/ashoka/)
- [Ashokarishta](/formulation/ashokarishta/)
- [Dhataki](/herb/dhataki/)
- [Dhava](/herb/dhava/)
- [Dugdhika](/herb/dugdhika/)
- [Durva](/herb/durva/)
- [Gambhari Phala](/herb/gambhari-phala/) — *Gmelina arborea Roxb.*
- [Kaharuba Pishti](/herb/kaharuba-pishti/)
- [Kamala Kesara](/herb/kamala-kesara/)
- [Kanchanar](/herb/kanchanar/) — *Bauhinia variegata L.*
- [Kumuda](/herb/kumuda/)
- [Lodhra](/herb/lodhra/) — *Symplocos racemosa Roxb.*
- [Lodhrasva](/herb/lodhrasva/)
- [Lohasava](/herb/lohasava/)
- [Manjishtha](/herb/manjishtha/)
- [Mochras](/herb/mochras/) — *Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott & Endl. (syn. Bombax ceiba L.) - resin exudate*
- [Nagakesara](/herb/nagakesara/)
- [Patrangasava](/formulation/patrangasava/)
- [Plaksha](/herb/plaksha/) — *Ficus lacor Buch.-Ham.*
- [Pradarantak Lauh](/herb/pradarantak-lauh/)
- [Pravala Pishti](/herb/pravala-pishti/)
- [Pushyanuga Churna](/formulation/pushyanuga-churna/)
- [Sarja](/herb/sarja/)
- [Shalmali](/herb/shalmali/)
- [Soubhagya Shunthi](/herb/soubhagya-shunthi/)
- [Sphatika Bhasma](/herb/sphatika-bhasma/)
- [Vasa](/herb/vasa/) — *Adhatoda vasica Nees (syn. Justicia adhatoda L.)*
- [Vasa Avaleha](/formulation/vasa-avaleha/)

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Hair Health](/glossary/body-systems/#hair-health)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)
- [Women's Health](/reference/womens-health/)

### Hypolipidemic Agents {#hypolipidemic}

*32 herbs and compounds with hypolipidemic activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (21)

- [Aivana](/herb/aivana/) — *Salvia officinalis L.*
- [Arogyavardhini Vati](/formulation/arogyavardhini-vati/)
- [Chakragaja](/herb/chakragaja/) — *Cassia tora L. ([Senna](/herb/senna/) tora) / Uncertain identification*
- [Gorakhmundi](/herb/gorakhmundi/) — *Sphaeranthus indicus L.*
- [Jeeraka](/herb/jeeraka/) — *Cuminum cyminum L.*
- [Jyotishmati](/herb/jyotishmati/)
- [Kakoli](/herb/kakoli/) — *Roscoea purpurea Sm. (also identified with Fritillaria roylei)*
- [Kovidara](/herb/kovidara/) — *Bauhinia purpurea L.*
- [Kushmanda](/herb/kushmanda/) — *Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.*
- [Kusumbha](/herb/kusumbha/)
- [Madhusnuhi Rasayana](/formulation/madhusnuhi-rasayana/)
- [Mahayograj Guggul](/formulation/mahayograj-guggul/)
- [Nyagrodha](/herb/nyagrodha/) — *Ficus benghalensis L.*
- [Punarnavadi Guggulu](/formulation/punarnavadi-guggulu/)
- [Shuddha Guggulu](/glossary/concepts-m-y/#shuddha-guggulu)
- [Simhanada Guggulu](/formulation/simhanada-guggulu/)
- [Tila](/herb/tila/) — *Sesamum indicum L.*
- [Triphala Guggulu](/formulation/triphala-guggulu/)
- [Vyoshadi Guggulu](/formulation/vyoshadi-guggulu/)
- [Yogaraja Guggulu](/formulation/yogaraja-guggulu/)

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)
- [Women's Health](/reference/womens-health/)

### Nootropic Agents {#nootropic}

*28 herbs and compounds with nootropic activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (16)

- [Akhuparni](/herb/akhuparni/) — *Ipomoea reniformis Choisy (syn. Merremia emarginata (Burm.f.) Hallier f.)*
- [Aparajita](/herb/aparajita/) — *Clitoria ternatea L.*
- [Brahmi](/herb/brahmi/) — *Bacopa monnieri*
- [Brahmi Ghritam](/formulation/brahmi-ghritam/)
- [Brahmi Vati](/formulation/brahmi-vati/)
- [Gokarna](/herb/gokarna/) — *Clitoria ternatea L. (same species as [Aparajita](/herb/aparajita/); Gokarna is a regional Ayurvedic synonym)*
- [Jatamansi](/herb/jatamansi/)
- [Jyotishmati](/herb/jyotishmati/)
- [Kalyanaka Ghrita](/formulation/kalyanaka-ghrita/)
- [Kushmanda](/herb/kushmanda/) — *Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.*
- [Mandukparni](/herb/mandukparni/)
- [Raupya Bhasma](/herb/raupya-bhasma/)
- [Ushira](/herb/ushira/) — *Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (syn. Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty)*
- [Vacha](/herb/vacha/)
- [Vidarikand](/herb/vidarikand/) — *Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC.*
- [Water Hyssop](/herb/water-hyssop/)

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Eye Health](/reference/eye-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Hair Health](/glossary/body-systems/#hair-health)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)

### Vajikarana Agents {#vajikarana}

*18 herbs and compounds with vajikarana activity across traditions*

#### Ayurveda (16)

- [Akarakarabha](/herb/akarakarabha/) — *Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Lag.*
- [Dhatupaushtik Churna](/formulation/dhatupaushtik-churna/)
- [Godugdha](/herb/godugdha/)
- [Kharjura](/herb/kharjura/) — *Phoenix dactylifera L.*
- [Makaradhwaj Vati](/herb/makaradhwaj-vati/)
- [Mochras](/herb/mochras/) — *Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott & Endl. (syn. Bombax ceiba L.) - resin exudate*
- [Nagabala](/herb/nagabala/) — *Grewia hirsuta Vahl / Sida veronicifolia Lam. (syn. Sida veronicaefolia)*
- [Rishabhaka](/herb/rishabhaka/) — *Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard*
- [Shrigataka](/herb/shrigataka/) — *Trapa natans L. (syn. Trapa bispinosa Roxb.)*
- [Shvet Musli](/herb/shvet-musli/)
- [Swarna Vasant Malti Ras](/herb/swarna-vasant-malti-ras/)
- [Talamuli](/herb/talamuli/)
- [Vaikranta Bhasma](/herb/vaikranta-bhasma/)
- [Vanga Bhasma](/herb/vanga-bhasma/)
- [Vidarikand](/herb/vidarikand/) — *Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC.*
- [Vriddhi](/herb/vriddhi/)

#### Related Body Systems

- [Anti-inflammatory & Pain](/reference/antiinflammatory-pain/)
- [Brain & Nervous System](/reference/brain-nervous-system/)
- [Diabetes & Metabolism](/reference/diabetes-metabolism/)
- [Digestive Health](/reference/digestive-health/)
- [Fever & Infection](/reference/fever-infection/)
- [Heart & Cardiovascular](/reference/heart-cardiovascular/)
- [Immune System & Rasayana](/reference/immune-system-rasayana/)
- [Joint & Musculoskeletal](/reference/joint-musculoskeletal/)
- [Kidney & Urinary](/reference/kidney-urinary/)
- [Liver & Detoxification](/reference/liver-detoxification/)
- [Men's Health & Vitality](/reference/mens-health-vitality/)
- [Respiratory Health](/reference/respiratory-health/)
- [Skin & Beauty](/reference/skin-beauty/)

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Canonical version of this page: https://nighantu.ageayurveda.com/glossary/pharmacology/

Published by Age Ayurveda in the Nighantu. Educational reference only.
Incorporates material from the Amidha Ayurveda Herb Database under CC BY 4.0.